關于現場總線的相關標準、類型、本質及控制等安徽得潤電氣與您一起在前幾次的學習中都已經有所了解。無論多么多的理論描述感覺都是管中窺豹，更何況這樣的知識整理也都是掛一漏萬，真正要有所體會和收獲實踐才是最好的方式。得潤電氣在長期的(de)實踐中對總(zong)線(xian)的(de)理(li)解也在不斷的(de)更新和進步中。

目前現(xian)場總(zong)(zong)(zong)線一(yi)直處(chu)于(yu)一(yi)個多(duo)并存的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況，世界上存在著大(da)(da)約(yue)四十余種現(xian)場總(zong)(zong)(zong)線，如法(fa)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)FIP，英國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)ERA，德國(guo)西門(men)子公(gong)司Siemens的(de)(de)(de)ProfiBus，挪威的(de)(de)(de)FINT，Echelon公(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)LONWorks，PhenixContact公(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)InterBus，RoberBosch公(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)CAN，Rosemount公(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)HART，CarloGavazzi公(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)Dupline，丹麥ProcessData公(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)P-net，PeterHans公(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)F-Mux，以及ASI（ActraturSensorInterface），MODBus，SDS，Arcnet，國(guo)際(ji)標準組織(zhi)-基金(jin)會現(xian)場總(zong)(zong)(zong)線FF：FieldBusFoundation，WorldFIP，BitBus，美國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)DeviceNet與(yu)ControlNet等(deng)等(deng)。這些現(xian)場總(zong)(zong)(zong)線大(da)(da)都用于(yu)過程自動化、醫藥(yao)領域、加(jia)工制造、交通運輸、國(guo)防、航天(tian)、農業(ye)和樓(lou)宇等(deng)領域，大(da)(da)概不(bu)到十種的(de)(de)(de)總(zong)(zong)(zong)線占(zhan)有80%左(zuo)右的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場。

工業總線網絡(luo)可歸為三(san)類：485網絡(luo)、HART網絡(luo)、FieldBus現場總線網絡(luo)。

485網絡：RS485/MODBUS是現(xian)在流(liu)行的(de)一種工業(ye)組網方(fang)(fang)式，其(qi)特(te)(te)點(dian)是實施(shi)簡單方(fang)(fang)便(bian)，而且支(zhi)(zhi)持RS485的(de)儀(yi)表(biao)(biao)又(you)特(te)(te)別(bie)多。儀(yi)表(biao)(biao)商(shang)也紛紛轉而支(zhi)(zhi)持RS485/MODBUS，原因很簡單， RS485的(de)轉換接口(kou)不僅(jin)便(bian)宜而且種類(lei)繁多。至少在低端(duan)市(shi)場(chang)上，RS485/MODBUS仍將(jiang)是最主(zhu)要的(de)工業(ye)組網方(fang)(fang)式。

HART網絡：HART是(shi)由艾默生提(ti)出的(de)一(yi)個過(guo)渡(du)性(xing)總線(xian)標準，主要(yao)特征是(shi)在4-20毫(hao)安電(dian)流信(xin)號(hao)上面疊(die)加(jia)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)信(xin)號(hao)，但該協(xie)議并(bing)未真正開(kai)放，要(yao)加(jia)入(ru)他的(de)基(ji)金會才能(neng)拿到協(xie)議，而加(jia)入(ru)基(ji)金會要(yao)一(yi)定的(de)費用(yong)。HART技術主要(yao)被國(guo)(guo)外(wai)幾家大公司壟斷，近些年國(guo)(guo)內(nei)也有(you)公司在做，但還沒有(you)達到國(guo)(guo)外(wai)公司的(de)水(shui)平。有(you)很多智能(neng)儀(yi)表帶有(you)[HART圓(yuan)卡]，支持HART通訊功能(neng)。但從國(guo)(guo)內(nei)情況來(lai)看(kan)，還沒有(you)真正用(yong)到這部分功能(neng)來(lai)進行設(she)備聯(lian)網監控，最多只是(shi)利用(yong)手(shou)操(cao)器(qi)對其進行參(can)數(shu)(shu)設(she)定。從長遠來(lai)看(kan)，由于HART通信(xin)速率低、組網困難等原因，HART儀(yi)表的(de)應用(yong)將呈下(xia)滑趨(qu)勢。

FieldBus現(xian)(xian)(xian)場總(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)網絡(luo)：現(xian)(xian)(xian)場總(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)當今自(zi)(zi)動(dong)化(hua)領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)點(dian)技(ji)術(shu)之一(yi)，被(bei)譽(yu)為自(zi)(zi)動(dong)化(hua)領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)計(ji)算(suan)機局域網。它的(de)(de)(de)出現(xian)(xian)(xian)標(biao)志著(zhu)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)化(hua)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)又一(yi)個(ge)新時(shi)(shi)代的(de)(de)(de)開始。現(xian)(xian)(xian)場總(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)連接控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)場的(de)(de)(de)儀表與控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室(shi)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)裝置的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)字化(hua)、串行、多站(zhan)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)網絡(luo)。其(qi)關鍵標(biao)志是(shi)能支持雙(shuang)向(xiang)、多節點(dian)、總(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)式的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)數(shu)字化(hua)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)。現(xian)(xian)(xian)場總(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)技(ji)術(shu)成(cheng)為國際上自(zi)(zi)動(dong)化(hua)和儀器儀表發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)點(dian)，它的(de)(de)(de)出現(xian)(xian)(xian)使傳統的(de)(de)(de)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統結構產生(sheng)了革命性的(de)(de)(de)變化(hua)，使自(zi)(zi)控系(xi)統朝著(zhu)“智能化(hua)、數(shu)字化(hua)、信(xin)(xin)息化(hua)、網絡(luo)化(hua)、分散化(hua)”的(de)(de)(de)方向(xiang)進一(yi)步邁進，形成(cheng)新型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)網絡(luo)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)分布式控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統——現(xian)(xian)(xian)場總(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統FCS(Fieldbus Control System)。然(ran)而，現(xian)(xian)(xian)場總(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)還沒有形成(cheng)真正統一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)準(zhun)，ProfiBus、CANbus、CC-Link等多種標(biao)準(zhun)并行存在，并且都(dou)有自(zi)(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)存空間。何(he)時(shi)(shi)統一(yi)，遙遙無期。支持現(xian)(xian)(xian)場總(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)儀表種類還比(bi)較少，可供(gong)選擇的(de)(de)(de)余地(di)小(xiao)，價格又偏高，用量也(ye)較小(xiao)。

現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)逐漸在(zai)工業現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)推廣(guang)，不少設(she)備(bei)不但具有(you)傳(chuan)統儀表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)，而(er)且(qie)還具備(bei)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)、在(zai)DCS中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)被(bei)廣(guang)泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)使用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)需要(yao)注意(yi)以下(xia)幾個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)問題：1）通信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，例如(ru)(ru)(ru)，PROFIBUS/DP在(zai)12Mbps速(su)率(lv)時，采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)標準電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以達(da)(da)到(dao)200m，如(ru)(ru)(ru)果(guo)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)187.5kbps速(su)率(lv)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以達(da)(da)到(dao)1 000m。通信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)有(you)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)層(ceng)含(han)義，第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)節(jie)點(dian)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)不通過中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)繼器(qi)(qi)能(neng)夠(gou)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)來說(shuo)，距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)通信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)速(su)率(lv)成(cheng)反(fan)比；另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)整個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)網絡最遠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)節(jie)點(dian)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。往(wang)往(wang)在(zai)廠家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)介(jie)紹材料中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)對(dui)于此類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)描述不夠(gou)清(qing)楚，在(zai)實(shi)際(ji)使用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，必須考慮整個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)網絡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)波信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)遞是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)需要(yao)時間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，特別(bie)在(zai)—些(xie)高(gao)速(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)果(guo)增大距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，就必須對(dui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)通信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)參數(shu)(shu)(shu)進行修改；2）線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)纜(lan)選(xuan)擇。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)決(jue)定現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)速(su)度(du)和(he)(he)(he)通信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)介(jie)質。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)而(er)言，現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)傳(chuan)遞數(shu)(shu)(shu)據，在(zai)傳(chuan)輸(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)避免地(di)收(shou)到(dao)周圍電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。大多(duo)(duo)數(shu)(shu)(shu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)屏(ping)(ping)蔽雙(shuang)絞線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。必須注意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不同種類現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屏(ping)(ping)蔽雙(shuang)絞線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開發(fa)(fa)者一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)規(gui)定一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種特制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)纜(lan)，在(zai)正確(que)使用(yong)(yong)這種線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件下(xia)才能(neng)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)規(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)率(lv)和(he)(he)(he)傳(chuan)輸(shu)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)條件極度(du)惡劣(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件下(xia)，光纜(lan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇，否則局部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干擾，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)影響整個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)網絡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作；3）隔離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)來說(shuo)，現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)與設(she)備(bei)內部(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)隔離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)分布在(zai)車(che)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)角落，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)旦發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓串入(ru)，會造成(cheng)整個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)網段(duan)所(suo)有(you)設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)收(shou)發(fa)(fa)器(qi)(qi)損壞。如(ru)(ru)(ru)果(guo)不加以隔離(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)會繼續將設(she)備(bei)內部(bu)其他電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路損壞，導(dao)致嚴重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)后果(guo)；4）屏(ping)(ping)蔽。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屏(ping)(ping)蔽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外層(ceng)必須在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)點(dian)良好接(jie)地(di)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)果(guo)高(gao)頻干擾嚴重，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)多(duo)(duo)點(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容接(jie)地(di)，不允許(xu)多(duo)(duo)點(dian)直接(jie)接(jie)地(di)，避免產生(sheng)(sheng)地(di)回路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流；5）連(lian)(lian)接(jie)器(qi)(qi)。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)沒有(you)對(dui)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)器(qi)(qi)做嚴格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)如(ru)(ru)(ru)果(guo)處理不當，會影響整個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)系統通信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。例如(ru)(ru)(ru)，現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)型菊花(hua)鏈連(lian)(lian)接(jie)方式，在(zai)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)每一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)設(she)備(bei)時，必須注意(yi)如(ru)(ru)(ru)何不影響在(zai)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有(you)通信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件下(xia)，實(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)設(she)備(bei)插入(ru)和(he)(he)(he)摘除，這對(dui)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)器(qi)(qi)就有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)；6）終端(duan)匹配。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)和(he)(he)(he)所(suo)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)波信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣具有(you)反(fan)射(she)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)象，在(zai)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)每一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)網段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)終端(duan)，都應(ying)該采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)匹配，第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)作用(yong)(yong)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以吸收(shou)放射(she)，第二(er)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)作用(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)端(duan)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)正確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平，保證通信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。因此，現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)技(ji)術是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)控制(zhi)、計算機、通訊技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交叉(cha)與集成(cheng)，它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)(he)快速(su)發(fa)(fa)展體現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)了控制(zhi)領(ling)域對(dui)降低成(cheng)本、提高(gao)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性、增強可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)維(wei)護性和(he)(he)(he)提高(gao)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據采(cai)(cai)(cai)集的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)能(neng)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。

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