安徽得潤電氣專業研發、生產多種補償方式和多種投切方式的高、低壓無功補償柜，互感器可根據客戶要求國內(nei)外(wai)皆(jie)可，為客戶提(ti)供一(yi)站式(shi)服務。每個一(yi)站式(shi)項目均有專家級電氣項目經理統籌管理，責(ze)任明晰，簡化流程，提(ti)高效率(lv)，快速完成售前調研、方案設計(ji)、快速生產。

目(mu)前，中國電網的(de)(de)(de)(de)建設和(he)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)中長(chang)期存在的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個問題是無(wu)功補償容(rong)量(liang)不(bu)足和(he)配備(bei)(bei)不(bu)合理，特別是可調(diao)節的(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)功容(rong)量(liang)不(bu)足，快速響應的(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)功調(diao)節設備(bei)(bei)更少。近年來，隨著(zhu)大功率(lv)非線性(xing)(xing)負荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷(duan)增加，電網的(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)功沖擊和(he)諧波污染呈(cheng)不(bu)斷(duan)上升的(de)(de)(de)(de)趨勢，無(wu)功調(diao)節手段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)缺乏使(shi)得母線電壓(ya)隨運(yun)行(xing)(xing)方式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)變而變化(hua)很大。導致電網的(de)(de)(de)(de)線損增加，電壓(ya)合格率(lv)降低。此外，隨著(zhu)電網的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展，系統穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題也愈加重要。動態無(wu)功補償技(ji)術是一(yi)種提高電壓(ya)穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟、有(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)措施。

另外，靜態無功補償技術在風電場、冶金、電氣化鐵路，煤炭等工業領域的客觀需求也很大。在目前情況下，靜止型動態無功補償裝置（SVC）對于解決各種負載所產生的無功沖擊是很有效的。使電網電壓波動明顯改善，功率因數明顯提高，是一種技術含量高、經濟效益顯著的新型節能裝置。晶閘管變流裝置和控制系統能夠實現這個功能。采集母線的無功電流值和電壓值，合成無功值，和所設定的恒無功值進行比較，計算得到的觸發角大小。通過晶閘管觸發裝置，使晶閘管流過所需要的電流。
    SVC是一種靜止無功補償器。靜止無功補償器是由晶閘管所控制投切電抗器和電容器組成，由于晶閘管對于控制信號反應極為迅速，而且通斷次數也可以不受限制。當電壓變化時靜止補償器能快速、平滑地調節，以滿足動態無功補償的需要，同時還能做到分相補償；對于三相不平衡負荷及沖擊負荷有較強的適應性；但由于晶閘管控制對電抗器的投切過程中會產生高次諧波，為此需加裝專門的濾波器。
1.動態無功補償

靜止(zhi)同(tong)步(bu)補償器(Static Synchronous Compensator,STATCOM)應用了新一代的電力(li)電子器件(如門極(ji)可關(guan)斷晶(jing)閘管(guan)(GateTurn-off Thyristor,GTO)、絕緣柵雙極(ji)型晶(jing)體管(guan)(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor,IGBT)、集成門極(ji)換(huan)相型晶(jing)閘管(guan)

(IntegratedGate Commutated Thyristor,IGCT)和(he)現代控(kong)制(zhi)技術(如逆系統(tong)(tong)、直接反(fan)饋(kui)線性(xing)化等), 具(ju)有補(bu)償(chang)系統(tong)(tong)感性(xing)和(he)容性(xing)無功、提高系統(tong)(tong)功率(lv)因數、改善電(dian)能(neng)(neng)質量、提高電(dian)力系統(tong)(tong)穩(wen)定性(xing)等多重功能(neng)(neng)。STATCOM自問世以來, 就引起(qi)各(ge)國電(dian)力科研(yan)和(he)工業界(jie)的廣泛(fan)重視(shi), 得到了(le)迅(xun)速發展(zhan)和(he)應用, 它是(shi)目前用于電(dian)力系統(tong)(tong)中(zhong)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)較好(hao)的無功補(bu)償(chang)裝(zhuang)置,是(shi)柔(rou)性(xing)交流輸電(dian)系統(tong)(tong)的核心。

STATCOM在電(dian)力系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)中的(de)(de)作用是(shi)進行(xing)無(wu)(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)補(bu)償，維持(chi)連接點(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)為給定值，提高系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)電(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)穩定性，改善系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)穩態性能和動態性能。STATCOM是(shi)基于瞬時無(wu)(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)的(de)(de)概念和補(bu)償原理，采用全(quan)控型(xing)開關器(qi)件(jian)組(zu)成(cheng)自(zi)換相逆變器(qi)，輔之(zhi)以小容(rong)(rong)量儲能元件(jian)構成(cheng)無(wu)(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)補(bu)償裝(zhuang)置。與現有(you)的(de)(de)靜止無(wu)(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)補(bu)償裝(zhuang)置(SVC)相比(bi)，具有(you)調節(jie)速(su)度更快、運行(xing)范圍更寬、吸收無(wu)(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)連續、諧波電(dian)流小、損耗低、所用電(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)和電(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)容(rong)(rong)量及安(an)裝(zhuang)面(mian)積大為降低等優(you)點(dian)。

傳(chuan)統的(de)補(bu)(bu)償(chang)諧波和(he)無功(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)另一種方(fang)法是裝(zhuang)設(she)無源濾波器(qi)(qi)，通(tong)常由電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)(qi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器(qi)(qi)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻器(qi)(qi)串并聯組(zu)合而成，該方(fang)法既(ji)可補(bu)(bu)償(chang)諧波，又可補(bu)(bu)償(chang)無功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率。目(mu)前我國常用的(de)無功(gong)(gong)(gong)調(diao)節(jie)設(she)備(bei)仍為機械式并聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器(qi)(qi)、投切電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)(qi)，這些靜止(zhi)型調(diao)壓手段，因(yin)調(diao)節(jie)不(bu)連(lian)續、響應速度慢，很難滿足系統運行方(fang)式快速變化時的(de)需求。

另(ling)一種調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)裝置(zhi)SVC，響應速度很快(kuai)，但(dan)由于呈恒阻(zu)抗特性，使得在(zai)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)時，無(wu)法提供(gong)所需的無(wu)功(gong)支持，因(yin)此應付突發事件的能(neng)力(li)較(jiao)弱，并(bing)且(qie)為(wei)了抑制諧(xie)波，須裝設濾波器，占地面(mian)積(ji)較(jiao)大，此外，過多的SVC裝置(zhi)容易引發系(xi)統振蕩(dang)。相比之下，新型無(wu)功(gong)補償裝置(zhi)STATCOM則是較(jiao)為(wei)有效的調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)手段(duan)，它的無(wu)功(gong)電(dian)流輸出可在(zai)很大電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)變化范(fan)圍內恒定(ding)，在(zai)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)時仍能(neng)提供(gong)較(jiao)強(qiang)的無(wu)功(gong)支撐，并(bing)且(qie)可從感(gan)性到容性全范(fan)圍內連續調(diao)節。

2.無功補償原理：

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網輸出(chu)的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)包括兩(liang)部(bu)分(fen)：一(yi)是(shi)(shi)有(you)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)；二是(shi)(shi)無(wu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)。直接消耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),把(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)轉變為(wei)(wei)(wei)機械能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、熱(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、化(hua)學能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)或聲(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，利用這些能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)作功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，這部(bu)分(fen)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)，不(bu)消耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，只是(shi)(shi)把(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)轉換(huan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)另(ling)一(yi)種(zhong)形式的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，這種(zhong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠作功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)必備條件(jian)(jian)，并且，這種(zhong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網中(zhong)(zhong)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)進行(xing)周期性轉換(huan)，這部(bu)分(fen)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)無(wu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv),如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁元件(jian)(jian)建立(li)磁場占(zhan)用的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)建立(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場所占(zhan)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng).電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感元件(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)作功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流滯后于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓90°。而電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容元件(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)作功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流超(chao)前電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓90°。在(zai)同一(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流方向相(xiang)反(fan)，互(hu)(hu)差180°。如果在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁元件(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)比(bi)例地安裝電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容元件(jian)(jian)，使兩(liang)者(zhe)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流相(xiang)互(hu)(hu)抵(di)消，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)矢(shi)量(liang)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓矢(shi)量(liang)之間的(de)(de)夾角縮小，就能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)達到無(wu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)補(bu)償的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)。

配(pei)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)無功(gong)補(bu)償(chang)與諧(xie)波治理裝置研發(fa)成功(gong)，并投入(ru)批量(liang)生(sheng)產，可(ke)帶來(lai)較大(da)(da)的(de)社會效益，目(mu)前我(wo)國配(pei)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)中普遍存在著無功(gong)補(bu)償(chang)不足(zu)、布置不合理的(de)情(qing)況，存在著城鄉電(dian)網(wang)(wang)與區域電(dian)網(wang)(wang)電(dian)容(rong)器容(rong)量(liang)倒置現象。10KV電(dian)壓等級以(yi)上的(de)配(pei)電(dian)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)用戶無功(gong)需(xu)求量(liang)很大(da)(da)，有(you)效合理的(de)使用無功(gong)補(bu)償(chang)與諧(xie)波治理裝置，對配(pei)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)中的(de)無功(gong)和諧(xie)波進行補(bu)償(chang)，不僅可(ke)以(yi)達(da)到節能降耗的(de)目(mu)的(de)，還可(ke)以(yi)減少用電(dian)裝置的(de)損害及由諧(xie)波引起(qi)的(de)事故。

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