漏電保護器的倒裝或反接是我們電氣技術人員可能會經常見到的現象，見多了反而有些猶豫了，漏電保護器可以這樣用嗎？在安徽得潤電氣的車間也曾發(fa)生過部分新員工想當然(ran)的倒裝或反接漏電保護(hu)器(qi)，也許是(shi)某些進線方式的要求(qiu)使其改變接線方式后的排版看(kan)起(qi)來更美觀吧。至于(yu)是(shi)否真(zhen)的可以這(zhe)樣做，首先我們對漏電保護(hu)器(qi)要有一個簡單的認識。

漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)器，簡稱漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)開關，又叫漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)斷路(lu)(lu)器，主(zhu)要是用來(lai)在設(she)備發生漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)故障時以(yi)及對有(you)致命危險(xian)的人身觸(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)，具有(you)過(guo)載(zai)(zai)和短路(lu)(lu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)功能，可(ke)用來(lai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)線(xian)路(lu)(lu)或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機的過(guo)載(zai)(zai)和短路(lu)(lu)，亦可(ke)在正(zheng)常(chang)情況下(xia)作(zuo)為線(xian)路(lu)(lu)的不頻(pin)繁轉(zhuan)換啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)之用。漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)器可(ke)以(yi)按其(qi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)功能、結(jie)構特征、安裝方式(shi)、運行(xing)方式(shi)、極數和線(xian)數、動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)靈(ling)敏度等分(fen)類，這里主(zhu)要按其(qi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)功能和用途分(fen)類進行(xing)敘述，一般可(ke)分(fen)為漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器、漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)開關和漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)插座三種。

電(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)時，將呈現(xian)異(yi)常的電(dian)(dian)流(liu)或電(dian)(dian)壓信號，漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)通(tong)過檢測、處理此異(yi)常電(dian)(dian)流(liu)或電(dian)(dian)壓信號，促使執行機構動作。我們把根據故障電(dian)(dian)流(liu)動作的漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)叫(jiao)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)型(xing)(xing)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)，根據故障電(dian)(dian)壓動作的漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)叫(jiao)電(dian)(dian)壓型(xing)(xing)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)。由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)壓型(xing)(xing)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)結構復雜，受(shou)外(wai)界(jie)干擾動作特性穩(wen)定性差，制造成本(ben)高，現(xian)已(yi)基本(ben)淘汰。國內外(wai)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)的研究和應用均(jun)以電(dian)(dian)流(liu)型(xing)(xing)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)為主導地(di)位。

正常(chang)情況下，三相負荷電(dian)(dian)流和對地漏電(dian)(dian)流基本平(ping)衡，流過互(hu)感器(qi)(qi)一次線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)流的(de)相量和約為零(ling)(ling)，即(ji)(ji)由(you)它(ta)在鐵(tie)(tie)芯中(zhong)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)總磁(ci)通(tong)(tong)為零(ling)(ling)，零(ling)(ling)序(xu)互(hu)感器(qi)(qi)二(er)次線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)無(wu)輸出。當發生(sheng)觸電(dian)(dian)時，觸電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流通(tong)(tong)過大地成(cheng)回路，亦即(ji)(ji)產(chan)生(sheng)了零(ling)(ling)序(xu)電(dian)(dian)流。這個(ge)電(dian)(dian)流不經過互(hu)感器(qi)(qi)一次線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)流回，破壞了平(ping)衡，于(yu)是(shi)鐵(tie)(tie)芯中(zhong)便有零(ling)(ling)序(xu)磁(ci)通(tong)(tong)，使二(er)次線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)輸出信號(hao)。這個(ge)信號(hao)經過放大、比較元(yuan)件(jian)判斷(duan)，如達到預定動(dong)作值，即(ji)(ji)發執行信號(hao)給執行元(yuan)件(jian)動(dong)作掉閘，切斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)源。

漏電(dian)保護(hu)器的(de)安裝(zhuang)與使用除了應遵守(shou)常規的(de)電(dian)氣設備(bei)安裝(zhuang)規程外，以下幾點也是要注(zhu)意的(de)：

1. 漏電保護器(qi)的安裝應(ying)符(fu)合(he)生產(chan)廠家產(chan)品說明書(shu)的要(yao)求。

2. 標有電(dian)源(yuan)側和負荷側的漏電(dian)保護(hu)器不得接反。如果接反，會導致電(dian)子式漏電(dian)保護(hu)器的脫扣線圈(quan)無法隨電(dian)源(yuan)切斷(duan)而斷(duan)電(dian)，以致長時間通電(dian)而燒毀。

3. 安(an)裝漏電(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器不得拆除或放(fang)棄原有的安(an)全防護(hu)措(cuo)施，漏電(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器只能作(zuo)為電(dian)(dian)氣安(an)全防護(hu)系統中的附加保(bao)護(hu)措(cuo)施。

4. 安裝漏(lou)電(dian)保(bao)護器(qi)時(shi)，必須(xu)嚴格(ge)區分中(zhong)性線和保(bao)護線。使用(yong)三極四線式和四極四線式漏(lou)電(dian)保(bao)護器(qi)時(shi)，中(zhong)性線應接入漏(lou)電(dian)保(bao)護器(qi)。經過漏(lou)電(dian)保(bao)護器(qi)的中(zhong)性線不得(de)作為(wei)保(bao)護線。

5. 工作零(ling)線不得在漏電保(bao)護器(qi)負荷(he)側重復接地(di)，否則漏電保(bao)護器(qi)不能正常(chang)工作。

6. 采(cai)用(yong)漏(lou)電(dian)保護器的支路(lu)，其(qi)工作零(ling)線(xian)(xian)只能作為本回路(lu)的零(ling)線(xian)(xian)，禁止與(yu)其(qi)他回路(lu)工作零(ling)線(xian)(xian)相連，其(qi)他線(xian)(xian)路(lu)或(huo)設(she)備(bei)也不能借(jie)用(yong)已采(cai)用(yong)漏(lou)電(dian)保護器后的線(xian)(xian)路(lu)或(huo)設(she)備(bei)的工作零(ling)線(xian)(xian)。

通(tong)過上文的(de)(de)(de)描述可(ke)知(zhi)，進(jin)出(chu)線接反除了有(you)安全隱(yin)患(huan)外，還存在(zai)短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)分(fen)斷(duan)(duan)能(neng)力下降的(de)(de)(de)問題，斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)主要作用是(shi)短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)保(bao)(bao)護，及時(shi)分(fen)斷(duan)(duan)短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)電流，任(ren)何(he)一(yi)種斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)都有(you)可(ke)分(fen)斷(duan)(duan)短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)電流的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)值，標在(zai)斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)上單位是(shi)KA，如果進(jin)出(chu)線接反，這個(ge)參(can)數(shu)下降，當(dang)發生短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)時(shi)，短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)電流超過了斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)分(fen)斷(duan)(duan)電流值，斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)分(fen)斷(duan)(duan)時(shi)無法熄弧(hu)，就會燒(shao)壞(huai)(huai)斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)或燒(shao)壞(huai)(huai)線路(lu)(lu)，嚴重的(de)(de)(de)會引起斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)爆(bao)炸(zha)。因此當(dang)條(tiao)件所限(xian)，必須(xu)反接進(jin)出(chu)線時(shi)，應了解該斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)產品是(shi)否允(yun)許反接，反接后分(fen)斷(duan)(duan)能(neng)力下降多(duo)少(shao)？是(shi)否還超過所保(bao)(bao)護線路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)電流？

掃一(yi)掃二維碼了解(jie)更多詳情：

更多詳情請咨詢安徽得潤電氣技術有限公司