低壓配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)部分有進線(xian)柜和(he)出(chu)線(xian)柜，當(dang)然(ran)還(huan)有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)補償(chang)柜。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)補償(chang)的意(yi)義是什(shen)么(me)？我(wo)(wo)們先(xian)來看(kan)看(kan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)補償(chang)的原理。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)補償(chang)時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)與負(fu)載并聯，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)就像電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)庫(ku)一樣。當(dang)負(fu)載增加時，由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的內阻，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓會(hui)下降。由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)兩(liang)端(duan)要維持原來的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，也就是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)中的一部分電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)會(hui)流出(chu)，延緩(huan)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的下降趨勢。我(wo)(wo)們具體來看(kan)一下為什(shen)么(me)低壓柜需要電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)補償(chang)。

在低(di)(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)中，如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機和其他線(xian)(xian)圈，如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器等。這(zhe)些器件不僅從(cong)(cong)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)上(shang)獲得一(yi)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)來做功(gong)，還(huan)從(cong)(cong)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)上(shang)消(xiao)耗一(yi)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)來無(wu)所作為，使得線(xian)(xian)路(lu)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)增加(jia)了一(yi)點。功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)因(yin)(yin)數用于測量這(zhe)部分不做功(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)為0時，功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)因(yin)(yin)數等于1。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)比例逐漸(jian)增加(jia)時，功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)因(yin)(yin)數逐漸(jian)降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)。顯(xian)然，功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)因(yin)(yin)數越(yue)低(di)(di)(di)，線(xian)(xian)路(lu)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)額外負擔越(yue)大(da)，發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器和配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝置上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)額外負擔也越(yue)大(da)。這(zhe)不僅會(hui)降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)利用率(lv)(lv)(lv)，還(huan)會(hui)增加(jia)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)損(sun)耗、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)損(sun)耗和供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)質量。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)，應提高(gao)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)因(yin)(yin)數。提高(gao)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)因(yin)(yin)數最(zui)方便的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)就是并聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容，產(chan)生(sheng)容性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)來抵消(xiao)感(gan)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，把不會(hui)做功(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)所謂無(wu)功(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)到一(yi)定范圍。無(wu)功(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源和有功(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源一(yi)樣，是保證電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能質量不可缺(que)少的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)部分。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)中應保持無(wu)功(gong)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)平衡(heng)，否(fou)則會(hui)使系統(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)，設備損(sun)壞，功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)因(yin)(yin)數下降(jiang)。嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)時會(hui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)崩(beng)潰(kui)，系統(tong)開(kai)裂，造成大(da)面積(ji)停電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)，解決(jue)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網無(wu)功(gong)容量不足的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題，加(jia)裝無(wu)功(gong)補償設備，提高(gao)網絡的(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)因(yin)(yin)數，以降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能損(sun)耗，節約電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能，安全可靠地運行，是極其重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。

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